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Several Requirements and Suggestions for Machinery Safety in Rmtzn Industry
Rmtzn industry strictly requires that when mechanical products are put into the market or delivered for use, they will not endanger personal safety, health and property safety, and they have classified the possible dangers of the products.
General mechanical hazards mainly come from the following four parts:
When the processing machine is used normally, if the processed part is easy to rebound and hurt the staff, the design and manufacture of the processing machine should be able to prevent the rebound of the processed part so as not to cause harm.
If the contact with the cutting tool is still dangerous after the processing machine stops running, the processing machine must be equipped with an automatic stop device to ensure that the cutting tool is in a stopped state in a very short time.
If the processing machinery with cutting tools is not fully automated equipment, its design and manufacture should prevent the occurrence of injuries; or use circular cross-section cutting tools and limit their cutting thickness to keep the hazards at a minimum.
Mechanical hazards: mainly from the movement components, including the dangers of extrusion, shearing or twisting caused by the movement shaft and transmission mechanism. Experts recommend the use of fixed or mobile guards to prevent access to hazardous areas.
Machinery safety should consider the following points:
1. Requirements for components: Control circuits related to safety functions must use mature components and components in the process of design, selection and assembly, that is, they have been widely and successfully used in similar application fields, or are based on reliable safety standards. Standard manufactured components and use of proven technology. The safety control circuit must be able to withstand the expected operating intensity, and be able to withstand the influence of the working medium and the related external environment during operation. When designing circuits, components that work extremely safely and reliably should be used, and the possibility of failure of such components themselves may not be considered. At the same time, in order to avoid short circuit, reduce the incidence of failure, determine the type of failure, accurately detect the failure and avoid the occurrence of secondary failure, such as isolation circuit, sufficient carrying capacity, timely open circuit and power failure in case of failure, good measures such as grounding.
2. Machine safety stop requirements: The core of the safety protection of machine equipment is to stop the dangerous action of machine equipment. How to stop the machine equipment from running to stop is very important. Depending on the safety guard used, different safety stop functions are possible. The stop function used in normal operation must be able to prevent damage to machinery, products and processes, and at the same time prevent restarting of machinery and equipment, which is the requirement for a safe stop function.
In paragraph 9.2.2 of the EN60204-1 standard, three stop categories are specified:
Stop category 0: The stop is achieved by immediately cutting off the power supply to the machine equipment, that is, the stop is uncontrolled.
Stop category 1: Controlled stop, the power supplied to the actuator of the equipment is kept constant, so that the equipment is gradually stopped. The power supply is only cut off when the machine equipment has come to a complete stop.
Stop category 2: Controlled stop, the power supply to the drive of the machine is kept on.
The choice of the correct stop category must be based on the risk analysis of the machinery and equipment, which is stipulated in the prEN954-1:1994 standard.
All machinery and equipment must have a stop function of stop category 0. The stop functions of stop categories 1 and 2 may only be used if the safety and functional requirements of the machine plant make it necessary.
3. The use of two-hand control devices: In many highly dangerous machinery and equipment, such as forging equipment, punching and shearing equipment, etc., two-hand control devices will be used. The two-hand control device is an electro-sensitive safety protection device. Its function is to force someone to use both hands at the same time when someone is operating the machine equipment and giving the machine equipment a signal to produce a dangerous action, so that it must stay in one place to ensure safety.
4. Safe distance solution:
A. It can be realized by safety door switch lock, electro-sensitive safety protection device, safety mat and two-hand controller.
B. In the safety protection of machinery and equipment, in addition to using safe and reliable protection components, for very dangerous machinery and equipment, certain requirements must be made on its safety protection control circuit to improve the level of safety protection, such as safety monitor module.
5. The use of safety mats: In the safety protection of machinery and equipment, in some occasions it is impossible to use safety fences and safety doors to protect dangerous areas. For example, in some large injection molding machines, it is often necessary to go inside the machine for maintenance and maintenance. Adjustment. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the machine cannot be started from the outside. In this case, it is obviously impossible to use the safety protection door. In addition, in some occasions where safety protection doors are required and can be used, for convenience and aesthetic considerations, it may be unwilling to use safety protection doors. In the above two situations, in order to realize the safety protection of the dangerous area, a contact safety protection device can be used. In this type of safety protection device, the safety mat is a very distinctive and widely used one.